Tuesday, December 7, 2010

Process Essay / Persuasive Essay

Choose only ONE of the following prompts to write about

Process essay:
Americans love recreational activities, especially those that in some way relax us, bring us together, or develop a skill. Whether its perfecting your golf swing or planning the perfect dinner party, we tend to make the most of the activities we enjoy. But for many of us, these pastimes are also ritualized, done in very specific and detailed ways. Remove some component from these activities, and its often just not the same. For this essay you will explore the "process" by which one American recreational activity takes place, walking your reader through all aspects of the experience. For example, what is the process involved in the perfect Super Bowl party, an afternoon at the beach, or a trip abroad? In your analysis, consider the steps involved in this pastime, including time requirements (how long does it take and when?), accessories (which materials are required?), and sequence (what is the order in which this activity happens?), as well as why each aspect is important. Feel free to use any of the recreational texts we read in class to supplement your essay.



















Persuasive essay:
If the so-called "Great Recession" has illustrated anything, its been the increasing economic inequality present in contemporary American society. In recent years, we've not only seen the wealthy get wealthier and the poor got poorer, but the middle class increasingly contracting. Traditionally, the middle class has been the class of the American Dream. The nuclear family, suburbia, and upward mobility are all tenants of the American middle class, and yet, recent years has seen a sharp decline in their financial stability. They are now plagued by high debt, foreclosures, and unemployment. Should this trend continue, what might a future America without a middle classslook like? What would be the consequences of an America made up of mostly rich and poor, with few in between? In a persuasive essay, argue for the preservation of the middle class. Persuade your reader that the middle class must be  preserved and why.

Requirements:
  • MLA format, including parenthetical citation 
  • 2.5 pages minimum
Due: Thursday, Dec. 9th

Sunday, December 5, 2010

Week 15: Pastimes in America / Conclusion





















"A hot dog at the ballgame beats roast beef at the Ritz."

—Humphrey Bogart  
 
Tu 12.7
Read: CR—“Food is Good” by Anthony Bourdain, “Satin Worship” by Holly Welker
In-Class: Reading discussion; Presentations
Due: Journal 8

Th 12.9
In-Class: Course review
Due: Persuasive essay OR Process essay; Extra Credit due by email by Friday, Dec. 10th at midnight

Journal 8: Get a Life!



















If there is one thing Americans cherish, it's their recreational time. Downtime is a valued commodity in American society and we'll often spend as much time (and money) as possible pursuing our interests. Still, not all activities are viewed equally. There is clearly a hierarchy of recreational activities in America, where golfers and political junkies are respected, but scrapbookers and fanboys are derided. Nonetheless, each person has their own ideas about what constitutes a worthwhile pastime. For your final journal, consider those activities that, from your point of view, are a waste of time. Which activities baffle you? What can't you imagine spending your time doing and why?

Include at least one of the following pieces in your discussion:
Due: Tuesday, Dec. 7th

Wednesday, December 1, 2010

Extra-credit Assignment


















sub·cul·ture n. 1. A cultural subgroup differentiated by status, ethnic background, residence, religion, or other factors that functionally unify the group and act collectively on each member

For this optional extra-credit assignment, you will explore a culture not typically highlighted in the American mainstream. You must spend at least two hours emerged in a subculture, then write a full, two-page essay illustrating your experience inside that group. Research on your subculture is not required; however, the more you understand about your group, the better. I also encourage you to particpate in the activities of your subculture—so long as they are not dangerous or illegal.

Guidelines:
  • You must embed yourself in a subculture not typically represented in the American mainstream (e.g. fantasy RGP, hot rod collectors, bird-watchers, coupon clubs)
  • This should be a subculture with which you have little or no previous experience
  • You must spend a minimum of two continuous hours embedded within this group
  • Again, you cannot participate in activities that are either dangerous or illegal
Due: Email by Friday, Dec. 10th at midnight

Tuesday, November 30, 2010

To Guide Your Final Exam Preparation

In preparation for your final exam, I've written a sample essay to guide you in the Department's expectations. It is annotated to highlight specific techniques.

We will discuss this Jihad/McWorld prompt in class. Find the prompt here and the response essay here. Also, the final exam rubric is here.

Monday, November 29, 2010

Journal 7: In My Tribe


One of the big myths in our country is that Americans are all one and the same, that distinct characteristics, such as race and class, do not matter because we all strive to be like one another. In reality, we are separated by any number of distinctions, either intentionally or not. For example, the way we dress, how educated we are, how we eat, and the color of our skin, all impact who we identify with and how we are ourselves identified. Thus, we are as much a nation of rednecks, Muslims, hipsters, Tea Partiers, vegans, Twi-hards, and Native Americans, as we are anything else. Each of us has a group, maybe even more than one, that we most identify with. And we sometimes congregate into these groups almost as if they were tribes. What is your tribe? Who are the people you most associate with? Why do you feel comfortable What are the characteristics that bind your tribe? Describe who you consider to be "your" people.

Include at least one of the following pieces in your discussion:Due: Thursday, Dec. 2nd

Sunday, November 28, 2010

Week 15: Pastimes in America

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
"What's Klingon for I'm going to die a virgin?"
 
—Dan Folger in Fanboys (2008)
 
Tu 11.30
Read: CR—“Erotica and Pornography” by Gloria Steinem, “Against Exercise” by Mark Grief, “Indelible Love: My Son's Tattoos and Me” by Lois Desocio, Prologue from Friday Night Lights: A Town, a Team, and a Dream by H.G. Bissinger; eR—“Scenes from a Mall” from This American Life (2008)
In-Class: Watch—A Fistful of Quarters: The King of Kong (2007); Preview—Process essay

Th 12.2
Read: CR— Excerpt from Joe DiMaggio: The Hero’s Life by Richard Ben Cramer, “On Anticipation” by Alain de Botton, “Why We Crave Horror Movies” by Stephen King
In-Class: Reading discussion; Final exam prep
Due: Journal 7

Sa 12.4
Final exam: BBC 220 @ 8 AM (Bring a large yellow book)

UPCOMING:
WEEK 16: PASTIMES IN AMERICA

Tu 12.7
Read: CR—“Food is Good” by Anthony Bourdain, “Satin Worship” by Holly Welker
In-Class: Process essay
Due: Journal 8

Th 12.9
In-Class: Course review
Due: Extra-credit essay

Sunday, November 21, 2010

Week 14: Social Class in America



















One cannot think well, love well, sleep well, if one has not dined well.

—Virginia Woolf, A Room of One's Own (1929)

Tu 11.23
Read: ALL—p. 250-329; eR—“Scenes from a Recession” from This American Life (2009)
In-Class: Watch—People Like Us: Social Class in America (2001); Preview—Persuasive essay
Due: Journal 7

Th 11.25
No class—Thanksgiving 

UPCOMING:
 

WEEK 15: PASTIMES IN AMERICA 
Tu 11.30
Read: CR—“Erotica and Pornography” by Gloria Steinem, “Against Exercise” by Mark Grief, “Indelible Love: My Son's Tattoos and Me” by Lois Desocio, Prologue from Friday Night Lights: A Town, a Team, and a Dream by H.G. Bissinger; eR—“Scenes from a Mall” from This American Life (2008)
In-Class: Watch—A Fistful of Quarters: The King of Kong (2007); Preview—Process essay

Th 12.2
Read: CR— Excerpt from Joe DiMaggio: The Hero’s Life by Richard Ben Cramer, “On Anticipation” by Alain de Botton, “Why We Crave Horror Movies” by Stephen King
In-Class: Reading discussion; Final exam prep

Sa 12.4
Final exam: BBC 220 @ 8 AM (Bring a large yellow book)

Wednesday, November 17, 2010

Class Canceled AGAIN: Thursday, Nov. 18th.





















I'm really sorry, but I'm still down for the count with this cold, so I'll have to cancel yet again. I truly hate to miss so much class, but we can still get done what needs to get done.

So...

1. Email me your final drafts by this Friday at midnight. I know ALL of you are done with the essay now, but just in case, this'll give you more time to work on them. ;) Also, I'll try something different and give you comments by email.

2. If you signed up for tomorrow for presentations, pick another date even if all the slots are taken. Sorry about this!

Email me with any other questions.

Have a good week. Stay healthy! See you on Tuesday.

Tuesday, November 16, 2010

Week 13: Social Class in America



















People say that money is not the key to happiness,
but I always figured if you have enough money, you 
can have a key made.
—Joan Rivers

Tu 11.16
Class canceled

Th 11.18
Read: CR—“Bienvenidos a Newport Beach” by Firoozeh Dumas, “The Lesson” by Toni Cade Bambara, “Transients in Paradise” by Aimee Liu; ALL—p. 127-191; “For Richer” by Paul Krugman, “Growing Up Rich: How It Shapes Identity”; ALL—p. 192-249
In-class: Reading discussion; Presentations; Preview—Extra-credit essay
Due: Editorial essay (Final draft; Attach draft 1) 

***

If, for whatever reason, you have not yet presented, pick a date and leave your name, topic, and section number in the comments section below. 

First come, first served. All names must be in by midnight on Wednesday the 17th.

Remaining Presentation Schedule


Th 11.18
1.
2.
3.

Tu 11.23
1.
2.
3.

Tu 11.30
1.
2.
3.

Th 12.2
1.
2.

Th 12.9
1.
2.
3.

Monday, November 15, 2010

Class Canceled: Tuesday, November 16





















I need to cancel class for tomorrow. Sorry for the inconvenience.

Two quick points:

1) Turn your editorials in on Thursday as planned, though you must still attach a first and final draft.

2) later tonight, I'll post an agenda for Thursday and next week. I'll also include a calender of the remaining sessions open for presentations, if you have not yet presented (for whatever reason), pick a date and leave your name, topic, and section number in the comments section. First come, first served.

Friday, November 12, 2010

Editorial Essay



















Dating in America today would likely best be described as casual. Gone are the days of chaperones, courting, and waiting for sex until marriage. Today, Americans compete for mates in a dating scene that is largely ambiguous. In a world of He's Just Not That Into You and speed dating, a sense of informality often guides people's behavior. On the one hand, Americans can now navigate dating waters free of stiff formalities and an early expectation of commitment. On the other hand, a dating scene with no rules can be confusing and might cheapen the experience of finding a mate. What is your take on contemporary American dating? Should the country return to more formal dating practices or should we relish the idea of no-strings-attached relationships? Citing from the readings in the relationship section of the reader, write a concise editorial describing your ideal dating scene and what we, as Americans, would gain from it.


To guide your writing:
  • Keep in mind, that an editorial is a form of persuasive writing; your goal is to persuade your reader of your opinion.
  • Your editorial's "voice" can be more casual than a formal essay, but it shouldn't be so casual that it undermines your argument.
  • Be very clear on your position; just like an expository essay, state your position early, then cite evidence to support it. Also, stating personal opinions in editorials is appropriate.
  • Use any persuasive techniques you think will be affective, including the use of statistics and humor.
Sample editorials:
Requirements:
  • MLA format, including parenthetical citation 
  • 2.5 pages minimum
Due: Tuesday, November16th (Draft 1; Bring three copies)

Monday, November 8, 2010

Sikh Americans Oppose Turban Screening at Airports

From the CNN Wire
November 8, 2010

(CNN) -- Three of the largest Sikh advocacy groups in the United States are opposing airport passenger screening measures they say require hand-searches of turbans, despite the use of electronic imaging technology.

The Sikh Coalition, United Sikhs and the Sikh American Legal Defense and Education Fund are lobbying members of Congress in an effort to pressure federal transportation authorities to re-examine a policy they say unfairly scrutinizes members of the Sikh community.

"Sikh Americans are already looked at differently in this country," said the Sikh Coalition's director of programs, Amardeep Singh. "Once you start pulling Sikhs aside for extra screening, it sends a message that the government is suspicious of them for the same reasons [other passengers] are suspicious of them."

The U.S. Transportation Security Administration adjusted security procedures in 2007 to include provisions for "bulky" clothing that includes headwear, according to an agency statement.

Removal of all headwear is recommended, it said, but the rules are meant to accommodate passengers who may not want to remove the items for religious, medical, or other reasons.

Transportation officials would not confirm whether "advanced imaging technology" can sufficiently see through turbans, citing security reasons.

Despite the advent of the advanced technology, transportation security officers are permitted to use "professional discretion" in determining if a particular item of clothing should be subject to further screening, according to the statement.

Authorities say the policy has remained unchanged since 2007, but Sikh advocacy groups argue that airport security procedures were recently ramped up to include extra screening for all turban-wearing passengers.
Singh said U.S. Sikh groups that had once observed "a patchwork of [airport security] policies" are now witnessing a process in which "all turbans are searched."

CNN was not able to independently verify that claim.

Sunday, November 7, 2010

Week 12: Relationships in America

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
She might've considered kissing him, even after the horrible first
date, but he just didn't seem to know what to do. However, Jeremy
does have one outstanding quality.
He likes her. And this quality in
a person makes them
infinitely interesting to the person being liked.

—Steve Martin, Shopgirl (2000)
 
Tu 11.9
Read: CR—“Why I Fought for the Right to Say ‘I Do’” by Greta Christina, “Old Faithful” by David Sedaris; ALL—p. 69-126; eR—“Break-Up” from This American Life (2007)
In-Class: Reading discussion; Presentations
Due: Journal 6

Thu 11.11
No class—Veteran’s Day 

UPCOMING:

WEEK 13: SOCIAL CLASS IN AMERICA 

Tu 11.16
Read: CR—“Bienvenidos a Newport Beach” by Firoozeh Dumas, “The Lesson” by Toni Cade Bambara, “Transients in Paradise” by Aimee Liu; ALL—p. 127-191
In-class: Reading discussion; Writer’s workshop
Due: Editorial essay (Draft 1; Bring 4 copies)

Th 11.18
Read: CR—“For Richer” by Paul Krugman, “Growing Up Rich: How It Shapes Identity”; ALL—p. 192-249
In-class: Reading discussion; Presentations; Preview—Extra-credit essay
Due: Editorial essay (Final draft; Attach draft 1)


Monday, November 1, 2010

Journal 6: It's Complicated / The Color of Love

Choose one of the following two options:


A) It's Complicated

Facebook, eHarmony, Foursquare, and other social media sites, have revolutionized the ways in which people, particularly those under 30, approach dating.  In this new world of high-tech dating, emoticons, relationships statuses, user profiles, friend requests, and tagged photos, have dramatically altered the rules of engagement. Today, people have far more available information about potential mates than at any time in the past. For example, consider how common the practice of Googling someone is these days. But new technology also means new rules. Just what are the spoken and unspoken rules of dating in the Facebook age? What are some of the potential pitfalls of dating through technology? And what must you contend with that perhaps older generations did not?

Include at least one of the following pieces in your discussion:
  • "Facebooking for Love, Part 1—Jasmine's Tech Dos & Don'ts" (CNET)
  • "5 Ways Facebook Changed Dating (For the Worse)" (Mashable.com)
  • "New Dating Websites Find Niches" (Crain's New York Business)
  • "Teen Serves Time for Facebook Threat" (NBC Chicago)

Articles are located in the eR.


B. The Color of Love

While President Obama is often lauded as our first black president, he might more accurately be identified as our first biracial president. His white mother and black father were together at a time when such relationships were discouraged by American society. But what was taboo then is increasingly more commonplace today. In fact, recent census date continues to illustrate surges in the number of interracial marriages and relationships. But while their numbers are on the rise, it would be disingenuous to imply that mixed-race relationships today do not face hardships. What issues arise from interracial relationships in 2010 America? What challenges do couples engaged in these relationships face? For example, do racial stereotypes and myths persist? On a personal level, what is your experience with interracial relationships?

Include at least one of the following pieces in your discussion:
  • "Asian Pop: Opening the Box" (San Francisco Chronicle)
  • "Black Men in Interracial Relationships" (The Washington Post)
  • "White Male Seeking Sexy Asian Women" (Salon.com)
  • "Diff'rent Strokes" (The Village Voice)

Articles are located in the eR.

Due: Tuesday, Nov. 9th

Sunday, October 31, 2010

Week 11: Relationships in America



















"I love him so much it just turns to hate."

—Hole, "Doll Parts" (1994)

Tu 11.2
Read: CR—“Talk in the Intimate Relationship: His and Hers” by Deborah Tannen, “I Want a Wife” by Judy Brady
In-Class: Cause and effect essay

Th 11.4
Read: CR—“Romance: Meeting Girls is Easy” by Donald Miller, “Sex Without Intimacy: No Dating, No Relationships” by Brenda Wilson, “What We Talk About When We Talk About Love” by Raymond Carver; ALL—p. 3-68
In-class: Reading discussion; Presentations (Sec 5: Nicole, Regyna, Julia; Sec. 20: Robert, Jessica, Drake, Laura, Anson, Hadeer, Tanner) Preview—Editorial essay
UPCOMING:
WEEK 12: RELATIONSHIPS IN AMERICA 
Tu 11.9
Read: CR—“Why I Fought for the Right to Say ‘I Do’” by Greta Christina, “Old Faithful” by David Sedaris; ALL—p. 69-126; eR—“Break-Up” from This American Life (2007)
In-Class: Reading discussion; Presentations
Due: Journal 6

Thu 11.11
No class—Veteran’s Day

Tuesday, October 26, 2010

Diabetes to Double or Triple in U.S. by 2050: Government















By Xavier Briand, Reuters
Sat Oct 23, 2010

(Reuters) - Up to a third of U.S. adults could have diabetes by 2050 if Americans continue to gain weight and avoid exercise, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention projected on Friday.

The numbers are certain to go up as the population gets older, but they will accelerate even more unless Americans change their behavior, the CDC said.

"We project that, over the next 40 years, the prevalence of total diabetes (diagnosed and undiagnosed) in the United States will increase from its current level of about one in 10 adults to between one in five and one in three adults in 2050," the CDC's James Boyle and colleagues wrote in their report.

"These are alarming numbers that show how critical it is to change the course of type-2 diabetes," CDC diabetes expert Ann Albright said in a statement.

"Successful programs to improve lifestyle choices on healthy eating and physical activity must be made more widely available because the stakes are too high and the personal toll too devastating to fail."

The CDC says about 24 million U.S. adults have diabetes now, most of them type-2 diabetes linked strongly with poor diet and lack of exercise.

Boyle's team took census numbers and data on current diabetes cases to make models projecting a trend. No matter what, diabetes will become more common, they said.

"These projected increases are largely attributable to the aging of the U.S. population, increasing numbers of members of higher-risk minority groups in the population, and people with diabetes living longer," they wrote.
Diabetes was the seventh-leading cause of death in the United States in 2007, and is the leading cause of new cases of blindness among adults under age 75, as well as kidney failure, and leg and foot amputations not caused by injury.

"Diabetes, costing the United States more than $174 billion per year in 2007, is expected to take an increasingly large financial toll in subsequent years," Boyle's team wrote.

Monday, October 25, 2010

Journal 5: We are Family


















We are currently in the midst of the worst economic downturn since the Great Depression. This so-called "Great Recession" has taken a great toll on American families, who've seen their standard of living lowered considerably. In a time when families have had to make serious cuts, everything from retirement to vacations to college is on the table. How has your family adapted to these economic times? What has been the impact of the faltering economy on the dynamics of your own family?

Include at least two of the following pieces in your discussion:
  • "Families are Trimming Plans to Pay for College, Survey Finds" (Washington Post)
  • "More Dads at Home Playing Mr. Mom" (Chicago Sun-Times)
  • "Feeding the Recession's Youngest Victims" (CBS News)
  • "How Do People Make Ends Meet?" (24/7 Wall Street)

Articles are located in the eR.

Due: Thursday. Oct. 28th
 

Sunday, October 24, 2010

Week 10: Family in America



















In so many ways, his family's life feels like a string of accidents, 
unforeseen, unintended, one incident begetting another ... They 
were things for which it was impossible to prepare but which 
one spent a lifetime looking back at, trying to accept, interpret, 
comprehend. Things that should never have happened, that 
seemed out of place and wrong, these were what prevailed, 
what endured, in the end.

—Jhumpa Lahiri, The Namesake (2003)
 
Tu 10.26
Read: “Raising Cain” by Debora J. Dickerson, “Three Fathers” by Kevin Sweeney, “Bumping into Mr. Ravioli” by Adam Gopnik
In-Class: Reading discussion; Presentations; Preview—Cause and effect essay

Th 10.28
In-Class: Cause and effect essay
Due: Expository essay (Final draft; Attach draft 1); Journal 5
 
UPCOMING:
 
Week 11:
Tu 11.2
Read: CR—“Talk in the Intimate Relationship: His and Hers” by Deborah Tannen, “I Want a Wife” by Judy Brady
In-Class: Reading discussion; Presentations

Th 11.4
Read: CR—“Romance: Meeting Girls is Easy” by Donald Miller, “Sex Without Intimacy: No Dating, No Relationships” by Brenda Wilson, “What We Talk About When We Talk About Love” by Raymond Carver; ALL—p. 3-68
In-class: Reading discussion; Presentations; Preview—Editorial essay
 

Thursday, October 21, 2010

Racy 'Glee' Photos in GQ: Time to Tone it Down or Just Get Over It?



'Glee' Actress Dianna Agron Says Shoot 'Wasn't My Favorite Idea,' but 'We Are Not the First' to Push Envelope

By Sarah Netter, ABC News
Oct. 21, 2010

What 8-year-old reads GQ? 

Those were the sentiments of one of the "Glee" actresses under fire for posing in the newest issue of the men's magazine. They appeared racy set of photos as hyper-sexualized versions of their high-school aged characters . "If you are hurt or these photos make you uncomfortable, it was never our intention. And if your eight-year-old has a copy of our GQ cover in hand, again I am sorry," actress Dianna Agron wrote in her blog on Tumblr. "But I would have to ask, how on earth did it get there?"

The backlash against the photo spread, which also features Lea Michele and Cory Monteith, reached its zenith when the Parents Television Council, a conservative media watchdog, released a scathing critique saying the shoot "borders on pedophilia" and is a "near-pornographic display."

Tuesday, October 19, 2010

'I Love My Hair' Video Inspired by Father's Love of Daughter



'Sesame Street' writer pens song to help Black girls love their hair

By LIinsey Davis and Jessica Hopper, ABC News
10.18.10
"Sesame Street" has always been about learning. But one particular muppet is getting tremendous praise for her latest lesson; teaching young, black girls that their hair is beautiful just the way it is.

The viral video of a brown Muppet, meant to represent an African-American girl, singing, "I really, really, really love my hair" has been visited by a quarter of a million people on YouTube. The video, which has made many people smile, was inspired by one father's love for his daughter.

Joey Mazzarino, the head writer at "Sesame Street," who is also a puppeteer, adopted a little girl from Ethiopia named Segi.

Sesame Street Writer Inspired By Daughter

"She's like my little muse," Mazzarino said.

As Mazzarino and his wife watched their daughter grow, he noticed a change when she started playing with Barbies. Segi started saying negative things about herself and her own hair.

"She was going through this phase where she really wanted like the long, blonde hair. ... She would look at Barbies and really want the hair."

Sunday, October 17, 2010

Week 9: Family in America

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
A ministering angel shall my sister be.
 
  —William Shakespeare, Hamlet (c. 1600)

Tu 10.19
Read: CR-“Rooster at the Hitchin' Post” by David Sedaris, “Pruning Generations” by David Mas Masumoto; eR—“The Missing Parents Bureau” from This American Life (2001)
In-Class: Watch—Dear Zachary: A Letter to a Son about His Father (2008)

Th 10.21
Read: CR—“This Blessed House” by Jhumpa Lahiri, “Terwilliger Bunts One” by Annie Dillard
In-Class: Reading discussion; Presentations; Writer’s workshop
Due: Expository essay (Draft 1; Bring 4 copies)  
 
UPCOMING:
WEEK 10: FAMILY IN AMERICA 
Tu 10.26
Read: “Raising Cain” by Debora J. Dickerson, “Three Fathers” by Kevin Sweeney, “Bumping into Mr. Ravioli” by Adam Gopnik
In-Class: Reading discussion; Presentations; Preview—Cause and effect essay
Due: Expository essay (Final draft; Attach draft 1)

Th 10.28
In-Class: Cause and effect essay
Due: Journal 5
 

Saturday, October 16, 2010

Expository Essay



















Guyland is the world in which young men live. It is both a stage of life, a liminal undefined time span between adolescence and adulthood that can often stretch for a decade or more, and a place, or, rather, a bunch of places where guys gather to be guys with each other, unhassled by the demands of parents, girlfriends, jobs, kids, and the other nuisances of adult life. In this topsy-turvy, Peter-Pan mindset, young men shirk the responsibilities of manhood and remain fixated on the trappings of boyhood, while the boys they still are struggle heroically to prove that they are real men despite all the evidence to the contrary.

—Michael Kimmel,
Guyland: The Perilous World Where Boys Become Men

Write a well-developed essay in which you 1) explain the meaning of the passage, referring to specific ideas and phrases; and 2) drawing on your own personal experiences, observations, and readings, discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the passage.

Requirements:
  • MLA format, including parenthetical citation
  • 2.5-page minimum
The best papers:
  • Stay within the parameters of the subject matter
  • Have a concise thesis which clearly outlines a position
  • Clearly support the thesis with solid evidence and a logical structure, citing specific ideas and phrases
  • Conclude with a summation of the argument
  • Properly cite evidence using MLA's parenthetical citation method
  • Are in compliance with MLA Style
Due: Thursday, Oct. 21 (Draft 1; Bring three copies)

Friday, October 15, 2010

From Boys to Men: On Runways and in Magazines, a New Masculine Ideal

By Gut Trebay, New York Times 
10.15.10

HAS anyone seen the Dior man? You know the one, that scrawny rocker dude with a chicken chest, a size 36 suit and a face that seems to be sprouting its first crop of peach fuzz.

It has been almost a decade since Hedi Slimane, then the designer for Dior men’s wear, jump-started an aesthetic shift away from stiffly traditional male images that long dominated men’s fashion. Since then, season after season, designers, editors and photographers alike fell into unconscious lockstep with Mr. Slimane’s tastes in men. The image of the Dior man was so influential that it spawned a host of imitators and, not incidentally, exiled a generation of conventionally handsome and mature models from runways into the gulag of catalogs.

On catwalks and in advertising campaigns the prevalent male image has long been that of skinny skate-rat, a juvenile with pipe-cleaner proportions. Designers as unalike as Raf Simons and Miuccia Prada developed so pronounced an appetite for the jailbait type that at some model castings in Milan and Paris the new faces often showed up chaperoned by Mom.

“Men have always been defined by their jobs — always,” said Joe Levy, the editor in chief of Maxim. When the economy was flush, consumers were content to indulge designer subversions of age and gender expectations, he added. That was before the recession lodged in the landscape like an errant iceberg taking its own time to thaw. “Suddenly the notion of having a job or a career is in doubt,” Mr. Levy said. “So you fall back on old notions of what it meant to be a man or to look like one.”

You lose the T-shirt and the skateboard. You buy an interview suit and a package of Gillette Mach 3 blades. You grow up, in other words. Suddenly evidence of a new phase in the cycle of evolving masculine imagery was all over the catwalks in the runway season that recently ended. Just as suddenly it can be seen splashed across the covers of magazines, where the boys of recent memory have been transformed overnight into men.

“I was working on our new issue when I got to Paris,” Stephen Gan, the editor of the influential men’s-wear magazine V Man. Titled “The Coming of Age” issue, the new V Man features on its cover no skinny kid model but Josh Brolin who, with his weather-beaten face and crow’s-feet, looks every minute of 44.

“As soon as I got there, Carine handed me her new issue,” Mr. Gan added, referring to Carine Roitfeld, the taste-setting editor of French Vogue and Vogue Hommes International. The theme of her latest men’s-wear issue, whose cover features Matt Norklun, a star model of the ’80s, is titled, appropriately, “The Prime of Life.”
“It’s not just models, it’s actors, it’s advertising, it’s the movies,” said Sam Shahid, creative director of Shahid & Company and a force behind campaigns that first helped put Calvin Klein’s name on half the world’s backsides. “It’s trendy to do this, and everyone’s suddenly jumping on it,” Mr. Shahid said, referring to the abrupt rejiggering of masculine ideals.

“It’s also, like comfort food, about the economy,” he said. “Look back to movies during the Depression, and all you saw was real guys like James Cagney. In tough times, people want a strong man.”

Or, at the very least, they want images of men who look old enough to vote. “The twink thing seems over,” said Jim Nelson, the editor of GQ. “When people open GQ, I don’t want them to feel like they’re looking at clothes on 16-year-olds.”

It is not merely a matter of body type, Mr. Nelson noted. “When we cast, we want a model with some heft to him and a few years on him,” he said. “Someone who has aged a little bit and who feels like he’s a man.”

What they want, in short, is Jon Hamm. That Mr. Hamm’s square-jawed Don Draper so persuasively resembles an archetypal father on a time-travel visa from an era of postwar expansion and fixed gender roles can hardly be incidental to the success of “Mad Men.”

“At a time of underemployment and digitized labor that doesn’t have real products at the end of the process people want to be reminded” through images from pop culture, Mr. Nelson said, “that we as men do work, we do labor, we do still make things.” Half the story pitches the editors at GQ get nowadays, Mr. Nelson added, come from writers who want to go to butcher’s school.

Designers, for their part, alert to a burgeoning interest in the trappings of manual labor, have responded with a wholesale revival of so-called “heritage” labels and work wear. And they are casting their runway shows and ad campaigns with increasingly hirsute, well-built, mature types — men who certainly look as if they’ve never been waxed or had a manicure.

In an article in the new V Man titled “The World’s First Male Supermodel,” an interviewer remarks to the model Jeff Aquilon that early photographs of him by Bruce Weber prompted a thousand academic
reconsiderations of contemporary masculinity. Like any ordinary lug unaffected by his own godlike aspect, Mr. Aquilon responds with modesty. “People were laying a lot of money on the line,” when paying him fat sums to appear in his skivvies for ads of the era, he said. His ambitions then were simple, Real Man goals: stay in shape and show up on time.
 
“Maybe it’s that the stylists that were in power 10 years ago are not so powerful anymore,” Jason Kanner, the president of the men’s division of Major Model Management, said of the latest development in masculine ideals. “Maybe it’s that as consumers are getting older, they want to see something that reflects what they look like in the mirror.”

Any sane man, of course, would be ecstatic to see Mr. Aquilon’s features reflected when he gazed into the glass. Yet for a long time, Mr. Kanner said, models of that type were out of favor with a business that sought beauty instead in a goofy-looking androgynous version of Peter Pan. “I’m a big believer that classic beauty never dies,” Mr. Kanner added, although until recently his was a minority voice.

“For a long time it was just those skinny guys, those boyish Prada types,” he said, referring to men like Cole Mohr — a model with jug ears and the body of a teenager — long a favorite at labels like Prada and Louis Vuitton. “I hate to use the word waif, but what else can you call all these skinny young hairless guys?”

Even Prada and Louis Vuitton embraced the new imagery in the recent runway season, casting what Mr. Kanner termed “masculine, manly men” for their shows. “The guys now look like models again,” he said. “They look like throwbacks to the days of Herb Ritts.”

Is it entirely a coincidence that Mr. Ritts himself is enjoying a posthumous revival? A new volume from Rizzoli celebrates his work as a photographer and equally the Amazons and Olympians he memorialized in his career. The sort of ripe beauty Mr. Ritts tended to celebrate owed a great deal to the ideals of old Hollywood; lavish, irresistible and lush, it also held none of the dangers that irresistible male beauty would come to symbolize after the appearance of AIDS.

When casting a recent fashion pictorial, the editors of Details were aware that in seeking a “real man” type they were looking for a nonexistent ideal. There is of course no such thing as a “real” man, Dan Peres, the magazine’s editor in chief, remarked. “But we have a product to produce that, in the end, has to be relatable to a reader, a reader who wants to be able to see some vision of himself in the pages of a magazine.”

Especially in a depressed economy, the editors concluded, the Details man was not well represented by the boys so fashionable a moment ago.

So they cast Gabriel Aubry, a godlike blond Canadian who as recently as two years ago would have been thought of as washed-up in the business. “For us it was about how relatable this guy is to the reader,” Mr. Peres said. “It’s about what connection a reader is going to make with some waify 17-year-old versus a 34-year-old man, albeit a 34-year-old man who has washboard abs and who fathered Halle Berry’s kid.”

Monday, October 11, 2010

Dump Columbus Day

By Michael A. Moodian, The Orange County Register
10.07.10

Monday, Oct. 11, some Americans will honor the 15th century voyage of Christopher Columbus. While many of us will never forget the famous rhyme that we learned in elementary school, "In fourteen hundred ninety-two Columbus sailed the ocean blue," we often fail to ask ourselves if Christopher Columbus really led a life of accomplishments that makes him worthy of a federal holiday in his name.

As historians continue to examine the life of Columbus, controversy arises. Of all federal holidays, Columbus Day is, in fact, one of three that are named after human beings. Taking a closer look at the life and times of Columbus, it is apparent that his legacy is defined more by myth than substance, and we should seriously reconsider the celebration of a holiday in his honor.

Exploring Columbus' legacy, one would discover that the arrival of his fleet – the Niña, Pinta and Santa Maria – probably at an island in the Bahamas, marked the start of the destruction of millions of indigenous peoples. Many results of his voyage were unglamorous, such as the commencement of slave-trading, using people captured from Caribbean islands. Communicable diseases and forced religious assimilation were elements of the Columbian Exchange – the widespread transport of animals, plants, culture, people and ideas between the Eastern and Western hemispheres. European settlers in the new land engaged in oppression and cruelty against indigenous peoples, resulting in untold deaths and marking one of the greatest tragedies in human history.

What exactly did Christopher Columbus discover? Claiming that he was the first person to find the new land is a Eurocentric ideal that goes against the grain of a contemporary America, one that strives to embrace an environment of multiculturalism. The pre-Columbian indigenous population of the Americas could have exceeded 50 million people; these were people who were already here. Leif Eriksson and Viking explorers stepped foot on North American soil hundreds of years earlier. There is evidence that numerous other explorers could have arrived in the New World years before Columbus.

There is little doubt that Columbus' voyage had tremendous historical significance that forever altered the development of the Western world, but dedicating a federal holiday to him romanticizes his contributions and ignores a dark part of the history of the Americas that we should never forget. Doing so is insincere and a dishonor to the indigenous peoples of our land.

The United States is a country of progression. We persevere as we show respect for diversity, inclusion and tolerance. We realize that we have made mistakes with regards to racial and gender inequality, but we have become a stronger nation by recognizing and learning from parts of our history that we are not proud of. Looking at the civil rights movements of the past 50 years, it goes without saying that the United States has taken great strides in a very short amount of time.

A major step in the right direction would be to end the celebration of Columbus Day. Instead, perhaps we can focus on a new holiday that works to establish solidarity with the indigenous peoples, or perhaps we can even honor Thomas Jefferson for his promotion of liberty and inalienable individual rights. There were many who fought tirelessly for women's suffrage and gender equality who should also be honored.

We will never learn from our history if we choose to glorify individuals such as Columbus, who was neither noble nor representative of American values.

Michael A. Moodian is assistant professor of social science at Brandman University, an affiliate of Chapman University.

Sunday, October 10, 2010

Week 8: Gender in America



















Walk like a man, talk like a man
Walk like a man, my son
No woman's worth crawlin' on the earth
So walk like a man, my son

—The Four Seasons, "Walk Like a Man" (1963)
 
Tu 10.12
Read: CR—“Pushing Away the Plate” by Min Jin Lee, “Being a Man” by Paul Theroux, “Faking It” by Michael Chabon, “The Problem with Boys” by Tom Chiarella; GUY—p. 217-265
In-Class: Reading discussion
Note: This class should be attended by women only.

Th 10.14
In-Class: Reading discussion; Preview—Expository essay; Lecture—“Gender on Film”

UPCOMING:
WEEK 9: FAMILY IN AMERICA 
Tu 10.19
Read: CR-“Rooster at the Hitchin' Post” by David Sedaris, “Pruning Generations” by David Mas Masumoto; eR—“The Missing Parents Bureau” from This American Life (2001)
In-Class: Watch—Dear Zachary: A Letter to a Son about His Father (2008)

Th 10.21
Read: CR—“This Blessed House” by Jhumpa Lahiri, “Terwilliger Bunts One” by Annie Dillard
In-Class: Reading discussion; Presentations; Writer’s workshop
Due: Expository essay (Draft 1; Bring 4 copies) 

Monday, October 4, 2010

50 Cent, the Gay Community, and the Big Black Boogeyman

By Rob Smith, The Huffington Post
Oct. 4, 2010

As we deal with what is undoubtedly a frightening rash of teenage suicides in the LGBT community, most involved within it are frightened, nervous, and insecure about what the next steps are. Unfortunately, some have decided to join in the time honored tradition of shoving the blame onto the nearest scary black man, this time targeting rapper/actor/knucklehead 50 Cent for a vulgar tweet. As unenviable the position of defending someone like 50 Cent is, I'm compelled to say something about the disturbing familiarity of the situation.

The subject of the community's ire this time is a tweet that he sent to his presumably straight male followers that said something to the effect of "If you're a man over 25 and you don't *perform oral sex on women*, you may as well kill yourself!" The tweet was made in the perfect storm of grief in the LGBT community about 5 gay teen suicides that have been publicized in the past week, and gay and gay-friendly celebrities as diverse as Perez Hilton and Zachary Quinto have taken 50 to task for his "homophobic" comments in the virtual high-school cafeteria that is our online social networking world. The 50-hate has then viral, resulting in the predictable race-baiting posts and comments on the most popular gay blogs. Sigh. Is this really the most positive course of action right now?

I wouldn't feel compelled to call out the behavior, especially in regards to someone who has made some very real homophobic comments in the past, if it weren't so typical of the gay community. Indeed, every time the community feels backed up against the wall due to an issue, it predictably pushes back against some real or mythical African-American contingent that seems to rile up the base and breathe fire on the blogs.

While latent race problems have always persisted in the gay community in some fashion, the "Black Bogeyman" syndrome, as I call it, seems to have appeared in force right around the time of Barack Obama's election in 2008. As historic as his election was, it came unfortunately wrapped in a time of crushing defeat for the community, as California's gay-marriage banning Prop 8 passed. One faulty CNN exit poll indicating 70% of blacks being in favor of Prop 8 later (when the final numbers were in they hovered closer to 55%) and it was open season on blacks in the gay community.

Race-baiting blogs and "commentary" by such influential people as Dan Savage followed soon after, with the former writing a piece on his popular blog titled Black Homophobia that was so incendiary in its content and the racial hatred spewed from its readers that it was removed within hours of posting (the link is to a cached page.) It's also interesting to note that during this time black gay voices were nowhere to be found in any mainstream media coverage.

In the years since, Barack Obama has become the biggest black bogeyman of them all in the gay community due to his perceived lack of movement on gay issues. And you know what? He is moving slowly. Much too slowly. However, there has been a bizarre and disturbing racial angle seeping into the conversations about what Obama is doing, and about how his race factors into it. Americablog gay's outrageously offensive article Does The White House Understand That a Black President Cannot Institute a Policy of Segregation? isn't even the half of it, and the disturbing thing is that this is what is coming from our alleged leaders under the cover of fighting for our rights. This is only the beginning, and a few clever google searches will undoubtedly uncover the rest.

So I bring it back to my original question that at a time when LGBT teenagers of all colors are taking their own lives, is attacking 50 cent or really any singular entity what we need to focus our energies on? An African-American LGBT teen rooted in hip-hop culture may or may not take offense to 50's arguably innocuous tweet, but I'm sure that teen will take offense when they go looking for community online and discover the vicious race-baiting and breathless claims of "black homophobia" that has become normative in the place of direct action to fix the problems that we all face. As long as the LGBT community continues to seek out the black bogeyman as a all-purpose punching bag for all of our frustrations and oppression, we're never going to get anything or anywhere, and we'll certainly do nothing but alienate potential heterosexual African-American allies and put those like myself who are black and gay into an awkward "us or them" position that helps nobody.

These teenagers deserve better than this from people purporting to stand up for them. After attending the powerful and deeply moving candlelight vigil for these kids at Washington Square Park in New York City on Sunday, the most overwhelming message was that the answer to the problem at hand isn't hate, it's love. What the gay teens still with us deserve to see is a community that is bound by our love for one another and not shared hate directed outwards. What they deserve is to feel like the part of a community no matter what their skin color is, and not to feel like they have to choose sides. That's what these kids would want to see, and that's what we should show them. Love overcomes hate every time. Perhaps it's time to take the hate out of our activism.

Sunday, October 3, 2010

Week 7: Gender in America



















Girls can wear jeans
And cut their hair short
Wear shirts and boots
'Cause it's OK to be a boy
But for a boy to look like a girl is degrading
'Cause you think that being a girl is degrading
But secretly you'd love to know what it's like
Wouldn't you
What it feels like for a girl

—Madonna, "What It Feels Like For a Girl" 

Tu 10.5
Read: CR—“What Girls Want” by Caitlin Flanagan, “Tight Jeans and Chiana Chorris” by Sonia Shah, “What Women Want (Maybe)” by Andy Newman; GUY—p. 169-216; eR—“I Enjoy Being a Girl, Sort of” from This American Life (1998)
In-Class: Lecture—“Gender on Film”

Th 10.7
Read: CR—“Pushing Away the Plate” by Min Jin Lee, “The men We Carry in Our Minds” by Scott Russell Sanders, “Are You in a Bromance? (Or is it Just a Man Crush)” by Simon Dumenico, “Faking It” by Michael Chabon, “The Problem with Boys” by Tom Chiarella; GUY—p. 217-265
In-Class: Reading discussion; Preview—Expository essay
Due: Journal 4 
Note: This class should be attended by men only. Women should email me their journals by noon.


UPCOMING:


WEEK 8: GENDER IN AMERICA 
Tu 10.12
Read: CR—“Pushing Away the Plate” by Min Jin Lee, “Being a Man” by Paul Theroux, “Faking It” by Michael Chabon, “The Problem with Boys” by Tom Chiarella; GUY—p. 217-265
In-Class: Reading discussion; Preview—Expository essay
Note: This class should be attended by women only. 

Th 10.14
In-Class: Watch—Transamerica (2008)

Thursday, September 30, 2010

Most Americans Still Don't Have Smartphones



(CNN) -- If you're a tech news junkie (and that's why you're reading CNN.com Tech, right?), you might have gotten the impression that everyone already has -- or at least wants -- a smartphone. Or that smartphones and tablets are the only mobile devices that matter.

But new research from Forrester indicates that while cell phone penetration is high across all U.S. demographics (82 percent of consumers own a cell phone, and 73 percent report that cell phones are their "most used device"), only 17 percent of Americans own a smartphone.

This is true even among the most digitally savvy generations: Gen X (roughly ages 31-40) and Gen Y (roughly ages 18-30).

According to Forrester, Gen Yers and Gen Xers are most likely to own smartphones. However, less than one-fourth of cell phone users in both of those age groups own a smartphone.

Also, Forrester reports that less than one-fourth of U.S. mobile phone owners have an unlimited data plan.
All of which means that the vast majority (more than 75 percent) of the "digital native" generations does not use smartphones. Instead, they rely on cheaper, simpler-feature phones and limited access to mobile data-supported services.

Of course, feature phones are getting smarter. Many of the the most popular feature phones can do a lot beyond voice calls -- from text and multimedia messaging to e-mail, to social media, to web browsing, to even running simple apps based on JavaME.

Granted, feature phones generally offer a more difficult and limited digital experience (especially for web browsing). But that doesn't stop people from using feature phones in sophisticated ways.

In fact, according to Forrester's figures, just under half of all U.S. mobile owners have internet access from their cell phone. So, since only 17 percent of U.S. cell users have a smartphone, this means that the vast majority of Americans who are able access the mobile internet use feature phones.

But being able to do something is not the same as actually doing it. Just under a quarter of U.S. mobile owners report going online from their phones.

The simplest mobile activities remain the most popular across all types of cell phones. Topping Forrester's list is SMS text messaging, which nearly 60 percent of all U.S. mobile owners use.

Despite the booming popularity of social networks like Facebook and Twitter, Forrester found that social networking services are one of the least popular non-voice mobile communication functions: Only 14 percent of U.S. mobile users access such services from their phones.

In this report, Forrester seems to be trying to spin its findings to make smartphones sound like the most important current mobile trend. For instance, the report says, "Gen Yers and Gen Xers are the most likely to have smartphones and unlimited data plans, providing the tools needed to lead in mobile Internet adoption" -- despite the fact that they're describing the behavior of a minority in that age range.

I'm not saying smartphones are not important. Indeed, they're very important.

Smartphones have spurred considerable growth in (and demand for) mobile services. They've got people thinking more creatively about how to use mobile phones -- all kinds of mobile phones.

And they've hastened the development and expansion of the mobile internet. Doubtlessly, in the future, all phones will continue to get smarter.

But for now, and for the near future: Smartphones still cost far more up front and over time than most feature phones. While smartphones are getting easier to use, they still generally have a steeper learning curve. Also, smartphones generally offer far worse battery life.

Meanwhile, the U.S. economic and employment scene remains tough and isn't bouncing back quickly. So the $90-plus-a-month two-year contracts that U.S. wireless carriers tend to lock smartphone users into (along with prohibitively high early termination fees) can seem like a significant financial risk.

When considering the mobile landscape, it's important to pay attention to the phones and services that people are using.

So smartphones are interesting, but in general they get far more attention and weight in the mainstream media (especially the tech press) than they probably warrant. Less expensive, simpler phones make up the vast majority of the U.S. mobile market -- and lots of innovation is happening in the lower end of that market. This trend is likely to continue for some time.

So if you don't have, or don't want, a smartphone, don't worry. Depending on how you use your feature phone, you're not necessarily getting left behind. You're also part of the overwhelming majority -- and when it comes to mobile, numbers count.

Wednesday, September 29, 2010

Journal 4: Isn't it Bromantic?



One interesting phenomenon over the past decade has been the rise of so-called "bromances," intimate, but non-sexual, relationships between men. Affectionate male bonding has a centuries-long tradition around the world, yet American society has generally drawn rigid lines between two males who are friends. Bromances are said to break down many of those barriers, allowing a man to be more expressive of both his own feelings and his feelings toward his friend. Just why American male friendships are seemingly more open these days is up to debate. Some argue these bonds have been shaped by everything from feminist mothers raising more emotionally open sons to the gay rights movement to younger generations of men simply breaking from old societal gender taboos. But are younger men today really more open to intimate male friendships? Is this truly a new phenomenon or have men always been free to express themselves emotionally with other men? For this journal, explore the phenomenon of bromances.

Include at least two of the following pieces in your discussion:
  • "Craigslist-ing to a Bromance" (Death and Taxes)
  • "Bromances Aren't Uncommon as Guys Delay Marriage" (Seattle Times)
  • "I Love You, Man (as a Friend)"  (New York Times)
  • "Through the Lens: Over a Century of Affectionate Men Photos" (San Francisco Chronicle)
Articles are located in the eR.

Due: Thursday. Oct. 7th (Note: Female students are not required to attend class this day and should email their journals instead.)

Tuesday, September 28, 2010

Parents Say Bullies Drove Their Son to Take His Life

They claim school district took no action.
 
By Peggy O'Hare, Houston Chronicle
Sept. 27, 2010

Asher Brown's worn-out tennis shoes still sit in the living room of his Cypress-area home while his student progress report — filled with straight A's — rests on the coffee table.

The eighth-grader killed himself last week. He shot himself in the head after enduring what his mother and stepfather say was constant harassment from four other students at Hamilton Middle School in the Cypress-Fairbanks Independent School District.

Brown, his family said, was "bullied to death" — picked on for his small size, his religion and because he did not wear designer clothes and shoes. Kids also accused him of being gay, some of them performing mock gay acts on him in his physical education class, his mother and stepfather said.

The 13-year-old's parents said they had complained about the bullying to Hamilton Middle School officials during the past 18 months, but claimed their concerns fell on deaf ears. 

David and Amy Truong said they made several visits to the school to complain about the harassment, and Amy Truong said she made numerous phone calls to the school that were never returned.

'We want justice'

Cy Fair ISD officials said Monday that they never received any complaints from Brown's parents before the suicide about the way the boy was being treated at school.

School district spokeswoman Kelli Durham said no students, school employees or the boy's parents ever reported that he was being bullied.

That statement infuriated the Truongs, who accused the school district of protecting the bullies and their parents.

"That's absolutely inaccurate — it's completely false," Amy Truong said. "I did not hallucinate phone calls to counselors and assistant principals. We have no reason to make this up. … It's like they're calling us liars."
David Truong said, "We want justice. The people here need to be held responsible and to be stopped. It did happen. There are witnesses everywhere."

Numerous comments from parents and students on the Web site of KRIV-TV Channel 26, which also reported a story about Brown's death, stated that the boy had been bullied by classmates for several years and claimed Cy-Fair ISD does nothing to stop such harassment.

Durham said the school counselor and an assistant principal received an e-mail from Amy Truong earlier this month, asking them to keep an eye on her son, but Durham said it was because of ongoing concerns at home and not about bullying.

Shot himself with pistol

Brown was found dead on the floor of his stepfather's closet at the family's home in the 11700 block of Cypresswood about 4:30 p.m. Thursday. He used his stepfather's 9 mm Beretta, stored on one of the closet's shelves, to kill himself. He left no note. David Truong found the teen's body when he arrived home from work.

On the morning of his death, the teen told his stepfather he was gay, but Truong said he was fine with the disclosure. "We didn't condemn," he said.

His parents said Brown had been called names and endured harassment from other students since he joined Cy-Fair ISD two years ago. As a result, he stuck with a small group of friends who suffered similar harassment from other students, his parents said.

His most recent humiliation occurred the day before his suicide, when another student tripped Brown as he walked down a flight of stairs at the school, his parents said.

When Brown hit the stairway landing and went to retrieve his book bag, the other student kicked his books everywhere and kicked Brown down the remaining flight of stairs, the Truongs said.

Durham said that incident was investigated, but turned up no witnesses or video footage to corroborate the couple's claims.

'I hope you're happy'

The Truongs say they just want the harassment to stop so other students do not suffer like their son did and so another family does not have to endure such a tragedy. 

"Our son is just the extreme case of what happens when (someone is) just relentless," Amy Truong said.
To the bullies, she added, "I hope you're happy with what you've done. I hope you got what you wanted and you're just real satisfied with yourself."

Services for Brown will be held Saturday.